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INTRODUCTION A dying declaration is a legal concept that refers to a statement made by a person who is on the verge of death, regarding the cause and circumstances leading to their impending demise. It holds significant evidentiary value in legal proceedings, particularly in criminal cases, where the declarant’s statement may be admitted as evidence…

Consumer cases against banks involve legal disputes between individual consumers and banking institutions. These cases arise when consumers feel that their rights as customers have been violated, or they have suffered financial harm due to the actions or policies of the bank. Common types of consumer cases against banks include: When consumers initiate a case…

A declaration of emergency is a formal announcement by a government that a situation exists that poses a serious threat to the safety and security of its citizens. This can include natural disasters, armed conflicts, or public health crises. When a state of emergency is declared, the government may suspend certain civil liberties and grant…

The judiciary in India can take suo moto cognizance against violence during the West Bengal Panchayat elections or any other situation where there is a violation of fundamental rights or a threat to public order. Suo moto cognizance refers to the court’s power to initiate legal proceedings on its own accord without a formal complaint…

Digital evidence refers to any form of electronic information that can be collected and presented in legal proceedings to establish facts or support claims. It encompasses a wide range of data, including emails, text messages, social media posts, digital photographs, videos, and computer-generated records. In today’s technologically advanced world, digital evidence plays a crucial role…